Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

A. Electron-withdrawing groups near the carboxylate ion reduce its stability, thereby acidity is reduced.
B. Electron-withdrawing groups near the carboxylate ion increase acidity and also contribute to the stability.
C. Electron-donating groups decrease acidity by destabilizing the carboxylate ion.
D. A carboxylate ion is much more stable than the corresponding alkoxide ion because of the existence of resonance structures for the carboxylate ion which disperse its negative charge.

Question

10-08-2024
Chemistry

Answered

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

A. Electron-withdrawing groups near the carboxylate ion reduce its stability, thereby acidity is reduced.
B. Electron-withdrawing groups near the carboxylate ion increase acidity and also contribute to the stability.
C. Electron-donating groups decrease acidity by destabilizing the carboxylate ion.
D. A carboxylate ion is much more stable than the corresponding alkoxide ion because of the existence of resonance structures for the carboxylate ion which disperse its negative charge.

Answer :

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Final answer:

The incorrect statement is that electron-withdrawing group near the carboxylate ion increases acidity, which is incorrect. Instead, electron-withdrawing groups reduce stability and acidity.

Explanation:

The incorrect statement is option b: Electron-withdrawing group near the carboxylate ion increases acidity and also contributes to the stability. In reality, electron-withdrawing groups near the carboxylate ion reduce its stability and, therefore, decrease acidity. On the other hand, electron-donating groups decrease acidity by destabilizing the carboxylate ion.

For example, in the presence of an electron-withdrawing group like a halogen, the carboxylate ion's stability is reduced, resulting in decreased acidity. Conversely, if an electron-donating group like an alkyl group is near the carboxylate ion, the acidity decreases due to destabilization.

Learn more about Effects of Electron-Withdrawing and Electron-Donating Groups on Acidity here:

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