Final answer:
Osmosis is the process of water diffusion across membranes from an area of lower to higher solute concentration, causing the balloon filled with salt water to expand or burst in pure water.
Explanation:
Osmosis is the cellular transport mechanism demonstrated when a balloon filled with salt water expands or bursts when placed in pure water due to the difference in solute concentrations. Osmosis involves the diffusion of water across a membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration. Aquaporins are proteins that facilitate this process by forming channels for water transport.
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