Answer :
Let's analyze and categorize each experiment described in the table:
### Experiment H
Description:
A sample of [tex]\( X \)[/tex] is carefully weighed and put inside a sealed calorimeter. The calorimeter is heated electrically, and the amount of heat added is determined by monitoring the electrical current used. The temperature of [tex]\( X \)[/tex] is carefully measured, and from the temperature change and the amount of heat added, the value of [tex]\( H \)[/tex] may be calculated.
Analysis:
In this experiment, a sample is being heated to measure the amount of heat it absorbs. This process involves measuring changes in temperature, which does not alter the chemical identity of the substance [tex]\( X \)[/tex]. Instead, it focuses on the physical property of heat capacity.
Conclusion:
This is a physical property.
### Experiment O
Description:
A sample of solid [tex]\( X \)[/tex] is carefully weighed and put inside a vented flask. The flask is heated until oxygen gas starts being produced. After no more oxygen gas is produced, the contents of the flask are removed and weighed, and from the decrease in weight, the value of [tex]\( O \)[/tex] may be calculated.
Analysis:
In this experiment, heating the solid [tex]\( X \)[/tex] results in the production of oxygen gas, indicating that a chemical reaction has occurred. This means that the substance [tex]\( X \)[/tex] is decomposing or reacting in some way to release oxygen gas, changing its chemical composition.
Conclusion:
This is a chemical property.
### Experiment R
Description:
Into one chamber of an electrochemical cell, a solution of [tex]\( X \)[/tex] is introduced, along with a metal electrode. In the other chamber, a solution of a known oxidizing reagent [tex]\( O \)[/tex] is introduced, along with another metal electrode. The voltage across the electrodes is proportional to the tendency of [tex]\( O \)[/tex] to react with [tex]\( X \)[/tex]. By measuring this voltage, the value of [tex]\( R \)[/tex] may be calculated.
Analysis:
This experiment involves measuring the voltage in an electrochemical cell to determine the tendency of substance [tex]\( X \)[/tex] to undergo a redox reaction with oxidizing reagent [tex]\( O \)[/tex]. Since this involves chemical reactions and changes in oxidation states, it reflects a chemical property.
Conclusion:
This is a chemical property.
### Summary Table:
[tex]\[ \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|} \hline property & experiment & \begin{tabular}{l} physical or \\ chemical? \end{tabular} \\ \hline H & \begin{tabular}{l} A sample of \( X \) is carefully weighed and put inside a sealed calorimeter. The \\ calorimeter is heated electrically, and the amount of heat added determined by \\ monitoring the electrical current used. The temperature of \( X \) is carefully measured, \\ and from the temperature change and the amount of heat added the value of \( H \) \\ may be calculated. \end{tabular} & physical \\ \hline O & \begin{tabular}{l} A sample of solid \( X \) is carefully weighed and put inside a vented flask. The flask is \\ heated until oxygen gas starts being produced. After no more oxygen gas is \\ produced, the contents of the flask are removed and weighed, and from the \\ decrease in weight the value of \( O \) may be calculated. \end{tabular} & chemical \\ \hline R & \begin{tabular}{l} Into one chamber of an electrochemical cell, a solution of \( X \) is introduced, along \\ with a metal electrode. In the other chamber a solution of a known oxidizing \\ reagent \( O \) is introduced, along with another metal electrode. The voltage across \\ the electrodes is proportional to the tendency of \( O \) to react with \( X \). By measuring \\ this voltage, the value of \( R \) may be calculated. \end{tabular} & chemical \\ \hline \end{tabular} \][/tex]
Thus, the properties for each experiment are as follows:
Experiment H: Physical
Experiment O: Chemical
Experiment R: Chemical
### Experiment H
Description:
A sample of [tex]\( X \)[/tex] is carefully weighed and put inside a sealed calorimeter. The calorimeter is heated electrically, and the amount of heat added is determined by monitoring the electrical current used. The temperature of [tex]\( X \)[/tex] is carefully measured, and from the temperature change and the amount of heat added, the value of [tex]\( H \)[/tex] may be calculated.
Analysis:
In this experiment, a sample is being heated to measure the amount of heat it absorbs. This process involves measuring changes in temperature, which does not alter the chemical identity of the substance [tex]\( X \)[/tex]. Instead, it focuses on the physical property of heat capacity.
Conclusion:
This is a physical property.
### Experiment O
Description:
A sample of solid [tex]\( X \)[/tex] is carefully weighed and put inside a vented flask. The flask is heated until oxygen gas starts being produced. After no more oxygen gas is produced, the contents of the flask are removed and weighed, and from the decrease in weight, the value of [tex]\( O \)[/tex] may be calculated.
Analysis:
In this experiment, heating the solid [tex]\( X \)[/tex] results in the production of oxygen gas, indicating that a chemical reaction has occurred. This means that the substance [tex]\( X \)[/tex] is decomposing or reacting in some way to release oxygen gas, changing its chemical composition.
Conclusion:
This is a chemical property.
### Experiment R
Description:
Into one chamber of an electrochemical cell, a solution of [tex]\( X \)[/tex] is introduced, along with a metal electrode. In the other chamber, a solution of a known oxidizing reagent [tex]\( O \)[/tex] is introduced, along with another metal electrode. The voltage across the electrodes is proportional to the tendency of [tex]\( O \)[/tex] to react with [tex]\( X \)[/tex]. By measuring this voltage, the value of [tex]\( R \)[/tex] may be calculated.
Analysis:
This experiment involves measuring the voltage in an electrochemical cell to determine the tendency of substance [tex]\( X \)[/tex] to undergo a redox reaction with oxidizing reagent [tex]\( O \)[/tex]. Since this involves chemical reactions and changes in oxidation states, it reflects a chemical property.
Conclusion:
This is a chemical property.
### Summary Table:
[tex]\[ \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|} \hline property & experiment & \begin{tabular}{l} physical or \\ chemical? \end{tabular} \\ \hline H & \begin{tabular}{l} A sample of \( X \) is carefully weighed and put inside a sealed calorimeter. The \\ calorimeter is heated electrically, and the amount of heat added determined by \\ monitoring the electrical current used. The temperature of \( X \) is carefully measured, \\ and from the temperature change and the amount of heat added the value of \( H \) \\ may be calculated. \end{tabular} & physical \\ \hline O & \begin{tabular}{l} A sample of solid \( X \) is carefully weighed and put inside a vented flask. The flask is \\ heated until oxygen gas starts being produced. After no more oxygen gas is \\ produced, the contents of the flask are removed and weighed, and from the \\ decrease in weight the value of \( O \) may be calculated. \end{tabular} & chemical \\ \hline R & \begin{tabular}{l} Into one chamber of an electrochemical cell, a solution of \( X \) is introduced, along \\ with a metal electrode. In the other chamber a solution of a known oxidizing \\ reagent \( O \) is introduced, along with another metal electrode. The voltage across \\ the electrodes is proportional to the tendency of \( O \) to react with \( X \). By measuring \\ this voltage, the value of \( R \) may be calculated. \end{tabular} & chemical \\ \hline \end{tabular} \][/tex]
Thus, the properties for each experiment are as follows:
Experiment H: Physical
Experiment O: Chemical
Experiment R: Chemical
