Miguel is playing a game in which a box contains four chips with numbers written on them. Two of the chips have the number 1, one chip has the number 3, and the other chip has the number 5. Miguel must choose two chips, and if both chips have the same number, he wins [tex]$\$[/tex]2[tex]$. If the two chips he chooses have different numbers, he loses $[/tex]\[tex]$1$[/tex].

a. Let [tex]$X$[/tex] be the amount of money Miguel will receive or owe. Fill out the missing values in the table. (Hint: The total possible outcomes are six because there are four chips and you are choosing two of them.)

[tex]\[
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
$x_t$ & & 2 & & -1 \\
\hline
& 33 & & 6 & \\
\hline
$P(x)$ & & & & \\
\hline
& & & & \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\][/tex]



Answer :

In this problem, Miguel is playing a game with a box containing four chips numbered [tex]\([1, 1, 3, 5]\)[/tex]. He selects two chips, and depending on the numbers, he either wins [tex]$\$[/tex]2[tex]$ (if both numbers are the same) or loses $[/tex]\[tex]$1$[/tex] (if the numbers are different).

Let's solve the problem step-by-step:

### Step 1: Determine the Possible Outcomes

First, we need to list all possible pairs of chips Miguel can choose. Since the total number of chips is 4 and he is choosing 2, we need to consider all combinations:
[tex]\[ \text{Possible pairs:} \][/tex]
[tex]\[ (1, 1), (1, 3), (1, 5), (1, 3), (1, 5), (3, 5) \][/tex]

### Step 2: Count Winning and Losing Outcomes

- Winning outcomes (both chips are the same): There is only one combination where both numbers are the same: [tex]\((1, 1)\)[/tex].
- Losing outcomes (both chips are different): The other five combinations have different numbers: [tex]\((1, 3), (1, 5), (1, 3), (1, 5), (3, 5)\)[/tex].

### Step 3: Fill Out the Table
The table we need to complete includes:
- [tex]\( x_t \)[/tex] which represents the different net amounts Miguel can win or lose.
- Counts of each type of outcome.
- The probabilities associated with each outcome.

From our analysis:
- Miguel wins [tex]$\$[/tex]2[tex]$ if he picks the pair \((1, 1)\). - Miguel loses $[/tex]\[tex]$1$[/tex] for all other combinations.

### Step 4: Total Outcomes and Counts
- Total Possible Outcomes: There are 6 possible pairs.
- Count of Winning Outcomes: 1 (for the pair [tex]\((1, 1)\)[/tex]).
- Count of Losing Outcomes: 5 (for the pairs [tex]\((1, 3), (1, 5), (1, 3), (1, 5), (3, 5)\)[/tex]).

### Step 5: Calculate Probabilities
- Probability of winning: [tex]\( P(\text{win}) = \frac{\text{number of winning outcomes}}{\text{total outcomes}} = \frac{1}{6} = 0.16666666666666666 \)[/tex]
- Probability of losing: [tex]\( P(\text{lose}) = \frac{\text{number of losing outcomes}}{\text{total outcomes}} = \frac{5}{6} = 0.8333333333333334 \)[/tex]

### Final Step: Fill All Values in the Table

[tex]\[ \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|} \hline $x_t$ & & 2 & & -1 \\ \hline & 1 & & 5 & $\because$ \\ \hline $P(x)$ & & 0.16666666666666666 & & 0.8333333333333334 \\ \hline \end{tabular} \][/tex]

So, the detailed solution is as follows:
- The amount Miguel will win if he draws two matching numbers is [tex]$\$[/tex]2[tex]$. - The amount Miguel will lose if he draws two different numbers is $[/tex]\[tex]$1$[/tex].
- There is 1 way to win and 5 ways to lose.
- The probability of winning is [tex]\( \frac{1}{6} = 0.16666666666666666 \)[/tex].
- The probability of losing is [tex]\( \frac{5}{6} = 0.8333333333333334 \)[/tex].

Answer:

Step-by-step explanation:

To complete the table for Miguel's game, we need to determine the probability of each outcome and the total number of outcomes.

Here is a step-by-step approach:

1. **Determine All Possible Outcomes:**

  - **Total Chips and Combinations:**

    Miguel has 4 chips: two with number 1, one with number 3, and one with number 5.

    We need to choose 2 chips out of these 4, and the number of possible combinations is calculated using the combination formula \( \binom{4}{2} \):

    \[

    \binom{4}{2} = \frac{4!}{2!(4-2)!} = \frac{4 \times 3}{2 \times 1} = 6

    \]

  - **List of Combinations and Outcomes:**

    1. (1, 1) → Win $2

    2. (1, 3) → Lose $1

    3. (1, 5) → Lose $1

    4. (3, 5) → Lose $1

    5. (1, 3) → Lose $1

    6. (1, 5) → Lose $1

  **Note:** (1, 3) and (1, 5) are repeated, so there are a total of 6 unique combinations.

2. **Count the Frequency of Each Outcome:**

  - **Winning $2:**

    - (1, 1) occurs once.

  - **Losing $1:**

    - (1, 3) occurs twice.

    - (1, 5) occurs twice.

    - (3, 5) occurs once.

    - Total losses: 2 (from 1, 3) + 2 (from 1, 5) + 1 (from 3, 5) = 5 times

3. **Calculate the Probability of Each Outcome:**

  - **Probability of Winning $2:**

    \[

    P(2) = \frac{1}{6}

    \]

  - **Probability of Losing $1:**

    \[

    P(-1) = \frac{5}{6}

    \]

4. **Fill in the Table:**

  Based on the counts and probabilities:

  \[

  \begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|c|}

  \hline

  x_t & -1 & 2 \\

  \hline

  33 & 5 & 1 \\

  \hline

  P(x) & \frac{5}{6} & \frac{1}{6} \\

  \hline

  \end{array}

  \]

**Explanation:**

- **\( x_t \)**: Represents the amount of money Miguel wins or loses.

- **Frequency**: The number of times each amount occurs.

- **Probability**: The likelihood of each outcome.

Thus, the completed table shows the frequencies and probabilities for each possible amount of money Miguel can win or lose.