The US government has threatened to increase tariffs on European luxury automobiles because of a trade imbalance between the United States and the European Union. For American automakers like GM and Ford, this action would reflect:
A) A reactive strategy that would harm the technological environmental force
B) A proactive maneuver to manipulate the social environmental force
C) A positive result from regulatory environmental forces
D) A negative impact as a result of adverse competitive, regulatory, and technological environmental forces