To solve this problem, we need to classify each solute based on its solubility in water at [tex]\( 40^{\circ} C \)[/tex]. Given the solubility data, we can determine whether 50 grams of each solute will completely dissolve or partially dissolve in 100 grams of water.
Here's the step-by-step solution:
1. Analyze the given solubility data:
- Lead nitrate (Pb(NO[tex]\(_3\)[/tex])[tex]\(_2\)[/tex]): Solubility is 52 g/100 g of water.
- Potassium chlorate (KClO[tex]\(_3\)[/tex]): Solubility is 14 g/100 g of water.
- Potassium nitrate (KNO[tex]\(_3\)[/tex]): Solubility is 60 g/100 g of water.
- Sodium nitrate (NaNO[tex]\(_3\)[/tex]): Solubility is 80 g/100 g of water.
- Potassium dichromate (K[tex]\(_2\)[/tex]Cr[tex]\(_2\)[/tex]O[tex]\(_7\)[/tex]): Solubility is 15 g/100 g of water.
- Potassium chloride (KCl): Solubility is 35 g/100 g of water.
2. Classify each solute:
- Lead nitrate (Pb(NO[tex]\(_3\)[/tex])[tex]\(_2\)[/tex]):
- The given amount is 50 g, which can completely dissolve in 100 g of water as the solubility is 52 g/100 g of water.
- Classification: Completely dissolved.
- Potassium chlorate (KClO[tex]\(_3\)[/tex]):
- The given amount is 50 g, which exceeds the solubility limit of 14 g/100 g of water.
- Classification: Partially dissolved.
- Potassium nitrate (KNO[tex]\(_3\)[/tex]):
- The given amount is 50 g, which can completely dissolve in 100 g of water as the solubility is 60 g/100 g of water.
- Classification: Completely dissolved.
- Sodium nitrate (NaNO[tex]\(_3\)[/tex]):
- The given amount is 50 g, which can completely dissolve in 100 g of water as the solubility is 80 g/100 g of water.
- Classification: Completely dissolved.
- Potassium dichromate (K[tex]\(_2\)[/tex]Cr[tex]\(_2\)[/tex]O[tex]\(_7\)[/tex]):
- The given amount is 50 g, which exceeds the solubility limit of 15 g/100 g of water.
- Classification: Partially dissolved.
- Potassium chloride (KCl):
- The given amount is 50 g, which exceeds the solubility limit of 35 g/100 g of water.
- Classification: Partially dissolved.
Here is the final classification:
- Completely dissolved:
- Pb(NO[tex]\(_3\)[/tex])[tex]\(_2\)[/tex]
- KNO[tex]\(_3\)[/tex]
- NaNO[tex]\(_3\)[/tex]
- Partially dissolved:
- KClO[tex]\(_3\)[/tex]
- K[tex]\(_2\)[/tex]Cr[tex]\(_2\)[/tex]O[tex]\(_7\)[/tex]
- KCl
This classification helps us understand which solutes will fully dissolve in the given amount of water at the specified temperature and which will only partially dissolve.
