To determine which compound is inorganic, we need to recall the basic definitions:
Organic compounds primarily consist of carbon atoms bonded typically to hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur. These compounds often contain carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bonds.
Inorganic compounds are defined as substances that do not contain carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bonds. They might still contain carbon but lack the C-H bond which is a characteristic feature of organic chemistry.
Let's analyze the given options:
A. [tex]$C _6 H _{12} O _6$[/tex] (Glucose)
- This contains carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) atoms.
- It has several carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bonds.
- Therefore, glucose is an organic compound.
B. [tex]$KH _2 PO _4$[/tex] (Monopotassium phosphate)
- It contains potassium (K), hydrogen (H), phosphorus (P), and oxygen (O) atoms.
- There are no carbon atoms present and thus no carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bonds.
- Therefore, monopotassium phosphate is an inorganic compound.
C. [tex]$CH _3 COOH$[/tex] (Acetic acid)
- It contains carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) atoms.
- It has carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bonds.
- Therefore, acetic acid is an organic compound.
D. [tex]$C _2 H _6$[/tex] (Ethane)
- It contains carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) atoms.
- It has carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bonds.
- Therefore, ethane is an organic compound.
E. [tex]$C _2 H _5 OH$[/tex] (Ethanol)
- It contains carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) atoms.
- It has carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bonds.
- Therefore, ethanol is an organic compound.
Given these analyses, the inorganic compound among the options is:
B. [tex]$KH _2 PO _4$[/tex]
Therefore, the correct answer is B: [tex]$KH _2 PO _4$[/tex].
