Sure, let's break this down step-by-step.
In the given reaction:
[tex]$
HCl + C_5H_5N \rightleftharpoons Cl^{-} + HC_5H_5N^{+}
$[/tex]
1. Identifying the acid and base on the reactant side:
- HCl is hydrochloric acid. In this equation, HCl donates a proton (H⁺). Hence, HCl is an acid.
- C₅H₅N (pyridine) in this case accepts a proton from HCl. Hence, C₅H₅N is a base.
2. Identifying the conjugate acid and base on the product side:
- After donating a proton, HCl becomes Cl⁻. Since it can accept a proton back, Cl⁻ is the conjugate base.
- Once C₅H₅N accepts a proton, it becomes HC₅H₅N⁺. Since it can donate a proton, HC₅H₅N⁺ is the conjugate acid.
Labeling the equation accurately:
[tex]$
\text{acid} + \text{base} \rightleftharpoons \text{base} + \text{acid}
$[/tex]
Substituting in the correct chemical species, the equation becomes:
[tex]$
\text{HCl} + \text{C}_5\text{H}_5\text{N} \rightleftharpoons \text{Cl}^- + \text{HC}_5\text{H}_5\text{N}^+
$[/tex]
To tag each species:
[tex]$
\boxed{\text{acid}} (\text{HCl}) + \boxed{\text{base}} (\text{C}_5\text{H}_5\text{N}) \rightleftharpoons \boxed{\text{base}} (\text{Cl}^-) + \boxed{\text{acid}} (\text{HC}_5\text{H}_5\text{N}^+)
$[/tex]
