In the hypothetical-deductive method, establishing the falseness of a proposition relies on observing a finite number of cases, whereas proving its truth is not as straightforward.
The base for conclusively establishing the falseness of a proposition, but not its truth, in the hypothetical-deductive method is to establish a finite number of cases observed of a phenomenon. This method involves testing enough cases to prove a hypothesis false, while not being able to prove it true definitively. For example, in the case of asserting all swans are white, observing just one black swan can disprove that assertion, but observing many white swans does not definitively prove it true.
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