The correct answer to the question is:
Congress most commonly controls the Supreme Court's power by passing new laws.
Here's a breakdown of how Congress can influence the Supreme Court's power through the passing of new laws:
1. **Legislation**: Congress has the authority to pass new laws that can impact the jurisdiction and scope of the Supreme Court. For example, Congress can enact laws that clarify existing legislation or introduce new laws that may influence the types of cases the Supreme Court can hear.
2. **Regulation**: Through legislation, Congress can also regulate the procedures and processes of the federal courts, including the Supreme Court. These regulations can affect how the courts operate and the extent of their powers.
3. **Checks and Balances**: The power to pass new laws serves as a crucial part of the system of checks and balances among the branches of government. By enacting laws, Congress can limit or expand the authority of the Supreme Court, ensuring that no branch of government becomes too powerful.
In summary, passing new laws is a primary way through which Congress can control the Supreme Court's power, influencing its jurisdiction, procedures, and overall authority.
