The correct answer is:
3) Photons of light excite electrons that result in a flow of current.
Explanation:
1) Photovoltaic cells, commonly known as solar cells, are made of materials like silicon that can absorb photons of light.
2) When sunlight hits the solar cell, the photons of light excite the electrons in the material, causing them to move and creating an electric current.
3) This flow of electrons is what generates electricity, which can then be used to power various devices or stored in batteries for later use.
4) Unlike other options mentioned, such as warming water or air to spin turbines, photovoltaic cells directly convert sunlight into electricity through the photovoltaic effect.
