The trans-Saharan trade facilitated exchanges that led to powerful kingdoms like Ghana, Mali, and Songhai developing in West Africa.
The trans-Saharan trade led to the development of kingdoms in West Africa by facilitating the exchange of goods, ideas, and culture among different regions. The demand for West African gold in North Africa and Europe, along with the introduction of Islam by Berber traders, boosted trade along these routes. This trade network connected West Africa, North Africa, and the Islamic world, leading to the emergence of powerful kingdoms like Ghana, Mali, and Songhai.
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