Answer :
Final answer:
Gregor Mendel's experiments led to the concept of genes as heritable factors. Frederick Griffith's experiment with bacteria showed the heritable nature of DNA, advancing our understanding of genetics.
Explanation:
Gregor Mendel, known as the 'father of genetics,' conducted hybrid experiments with pea plants, revealing the principles of heredity. Through his work, he proposed the existence of 'factors' (genes) passed down from parents to offspring. One of the scientists who further elucidated this concept was Frederick Griffith.
Frederick Griffith's experiment involved studying bacteria. By working with strains of pneumonia-causing bacteria, he discovered that harmless bacteria could transform into virulent ones through a process called transformation.
Griffith's work highlighted that DNA was the heritable molecule responsible for transmitting genetic information from one generation to the next, laying the foundation for our modern understanding of genetics and heredity.
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