Read the excerpt from "Hokusai's The Great Wave.”

Hokusai has taken more than colour from the West – he has also borrowed the conventions of European perspective to push Mount Fuji far into the distance. It is clear that Hokusai must have studied European prints, which the Dutch had imported into Japan and which circulated among artists and collectors. So The Great Wave, far from being the quintessence of Japan, is a hybrid work, a fusion of European materials and conventions with a Japanese sensibility. No wonder this image has been so loved in Europe: it is an exotic relative, not a complete stranger.

What is the author’s viewpoint in this excerpt?

Hokusai uses Japanese painting techniques in The Great Wave.
Hokusai uses the wave to represent Japanese culture.
The Great Wave is popular because it is a classic example of traditional Japanese art.
The Great Wave is popular because it includes both Japanese and European elements.