In operant conditioning, punishment adds aversive stimuli to reduce behavior, while extinction removes reinforcement to decrease behavior.
Punishment in operant conditioning refers to adding an aversive stimulus to decrease a behavior. For example, scolding a student to stop texting in class is positive punishment. On the other hand, extinction involves removing reinforcement to decrease a behavior, such as no longer providing rewards for a specific action, leading to a decrease in that behavior.
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