When rocks buried deep within the Earth are brought to the surface, pressure expansion causes them to rapidly expand and crack, leading to phenomena like sheeting and spheroidal weathering.
Pressure Expansion: Bedrock buried deep within the Earth is under high pressure and temperature. When uplift and erosion bring bedrock to the surface, its temperature drops slowly, while its pressure drops immediately. The sudden pressure drop causes the rock to rapidly expand and crack; this is called pressure expansion. Sheeting or exfoliation is when the rock surface spalls off in layers. Spheroidal weathering is a type of exfoliation that produces rounded features and is caused when chemical weathering moves along joints in the bedrock.
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