Direct democracy and republic are different forms of government. Athens had direct democracy, but it faced challenges. Plato criticized democracy, while Madison believed in representative democracy as a solution to factionalism.
Direct democracy is a form of government where people make decisions directly, while a republic is a system in which representatives are elected to make decisions on behalf of the citizens. Athens had a form of direct democracy where eligible citizens could vote directly on laws and government matters.
The Mytilenean Revolt revealed flaws in Athenian democracy as the Athenians initially voted to execute all the male citizens of Mytilene, showing the dangers of emotional decision-making in direct democracy.
Plato criticized democracy for its susceptibility to demagogues, arguing that it could lead to chaos and instability. He favored rule by philosopher-kings. Madison believed that representative democracy could avoid factionalism by having elected representatives make decisions instead of the entire population, providing a system of checks and balances.
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