The answer explains the history of the Space Race and satellite manufacturing during the Cold War.
Sputnik: The USSR launched Sputnik 1 on October 4, 1957, making it the first artificial satellite in orbit.
Explorer and Vanguard: The United States launched Explorer 1 on January 31, 1958, following the failed attempts of the Vanguard program.
NASA Establishment: In response to Soviet successes, NASA was established in 1958 to advance the American space program.
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