Let's analyze the cross between two pea plants and determine the expected ratio of yellow seeds to green seeds in the offspring.
The genotypes of the parent plants are [tex]\( YY \)[/tex] and [tex]\( Yy \)[/tex]. Here, [tex]\( Y \)[/tex] represents the dominant yellow allele and [tex]\( y \)[/tex] represents the recessive green allele.
When we cross these two plants, we can use a Punnett square to visualize the genotypic combinations of the offspring.
The Punnett square for this cross is as follows:
[tex]\[
\begin{array}{c|c|c}
& Y & Y \\
\hline
Y & YY & YY \\
\hline
y & Yy & Yy \\
\end{array}
\][/tex]
From the Punnett square, we obtain the following genotypes for the offspring:
- [tex]\( YY \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( YY \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( Yy \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( Yy \)[/tex]
Now, let's count the number of each genotype:
- Two offspring have the genotype [tex]\( YY \)[/tex].
- Two offspring have the genotype [tex]\( Yy \)[/tex].
Both [tex]\( YY \)[/tex] and [tex]\( Yy \)[/tex] result in yellow seeds because the yellow allele [tex]\( Y \)[/tex] is dominant.
Therefore, all four offspring will have yellow seeds.
As a result, the ratio of yellow seeds to green seeds in the offspring is [tex]\( 4:0 \)[/tex].
Thus, the correct answer is:
B. [tex]\( 4 : 0 \)[/tex]
