Let's break down each type of mutation and match the changed nucleotide sequences to the correct mutation.
1. Deletion:
- Original sequence: CATTCACACG
- Changed sequence: CATTCACAC
- Explanation: In deletion, a portion of the sequence is lost. Here, the last nucleotide 'G' is deleted.
2. Insertion:
- Original sequence: CATTCACACG
- Changed sequence: CATTCACACCACG
- Explanation: In insertion, additional nucleotides are added to the original sequence. Here, 'CAC' is inserted after CATTCACAC.
3. Inversion:
- Original sequence: CATTCACACG
- Changed sequence: CATTCACE
- Explanation: In inversion, a segment of the sequence is reversed. Here, the CG part is inverted, leading to a misrecognition and ending the sequence with 'E'.
4. Duplication:
- Original sequence: CATTCACACG
- Changed sequence: CATTCACACG
- Explanation: In duplication, a portion of the sequence is repeated. Here, there is no change visible, suggesting that the sequence 'CATTCACACG' is duplicated, but since it's showing the same length we assume it’s simply showing no change.
5. Substitution:
- Original sequence: CATTCACACG
- Changed sequence: CATTECACAC
- Explanation: In substitution, one nucleotide is replaced with another. Here, the 'T' in the sixth position is replaced with 'E'.
Now we can match the sequences to the correct types of mutations:
\begin{tabular}{|c|l|l|}
\hline Type of Mutation & \begin{tabular}{l}
Original Nucleotide \\
Sequence
\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c}
Changed Nucleotide \\
Sequence
\end{tabular} \\
\hline deletion & CATTCACACG & CATTCACAC \\
\hline insertion & CATTCACACG & CATTCACACCACG \\
\hline inversion & CATTCACACG & CATTCACE \\
\hline duplication & CATTCACACG & CATTCACACG \\
\hline substitution & CATTCACACG & CATTECACAC \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
