Final answer:
Evidence of the mature Harappan sites' decline and abandonment by 1800 BCE includes signs of decline, city abandonment, shift to scattered village communities, archaeological records showcasing the change to neolithic farming communities, and various environmental factors.
Explanation:
Five pieces of evidence reflecting the decline and abandonment of mature Harappan sites by 1800 BCE are:
- Signs of decline emerging in the Indus River Valley around 1800 BCE.
- Abandonment of many cities by 1700 BCE.
- Movement towards scattered village communities engaging in agriculture and pastoralism by 1700 BCE.
- Archaeological record showing the replacement of dense urban centers by neolithic farming communities.
- Environmental factors like climate change, river disappearance, or invasion possibly contributing to the decline.
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