Final answer:
The salinity of seawater is controlled by evaporation and precipitation rates as well as the proximity to melting ice at different latitudes.
Explanation:
Two factors that control the salinity of seawater are:
- Evaporation and precipitation rates: Regions with high evaporation rates like subtropical oceans tend to have higher salinity. Conversely, areas with high precipitation rates like where freshwater rivers enter the ocean have lower salinity.
- Proximity to melting ice: High latitudes where melted sea ice freshens the surface water have lower salinity compared to mid-latitudes where evaporation is high.
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