Final answer:
The transition to sedentary culture through agriculture, particularly maize cultivation, marked significant societal changes in the Southwest U.S. and regions like Mesoamerica.
Explanation:
Sedentary culture in the Southwest U.S. emerged with the introduction of maize, beans, and squash from northern Mexico, leading to the development of permanent villages centered on agriculture. This transition to sedentary life is exemplified by the appearance of large pithouse villages around 500 BCE, supported by the cultivation of maize. In various regions like Mesoamerica, the shift to agriculture and the dominance of maize led to the establishment of exclusively sedentary agricultural settlements and the development of new social hierarchies and civilizations.
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