To solve this problem, we need to identify the characteristics of substance [tex]\( X \)[/tex] and its pH level. Specifically, we need to determine what type of substance [tex]\( X \)[/tex] is (acidic or basic) and what pH range it falls into when reacting with aqueous ammonium sulfate to produce an alkaline gas.
To recap:
- Ammonium sulfate is a salt that, when reacted with a base, typically produces ammonia ([tex]\( \text{NH}_3 \)[/tex]), an alkaline gas.
- This means that substance [tex]\( X \)[/tex] must be a base because only a base reacting with ammonium sulfate would release ammonia, which is alkaline.
- Bases typically have a pH greater than 7, with stronger bases having a pH closer to 13 or 14.
Given this information, let's examine each option:
1. Row A:
- [tex]\( X \)[/tex] is acidic.
- pH is 1.
- An acidic substance (pH 1) is incorrect because an acidic substance would not produce an alkaline gas like ammonia.
2. Row B:
- [tex]\( X \)[/tex] is acidic.
- pH is 13.
- This is a contradiction. Acidic substances cannot have a pH of 13 as this pH value is associated with strong bases.
3. Row C:
- [tex]\( X \)[/tex] is basic.
- pH is 1.
- This is incorrect because a pH of 1 indicates a strong acid, not a base. A base would not have such a low pH.
4. Row D:
- [tex]\( X \)[/tex] is basic.
- pH is 13.
- This is correct because a substance that is basic with a pH of 13 indicates a strong base. A strong base is capable of reacting with ammonium sulfate to produce ammonia ([tex]\( \text{NH}_3 \)[/tex]).
Based on this analysis, the correct row that describes [tex]\( X \)[/tex] as a base with a pH of 13 is:
Row D
Thus, the correct answer is Row 4.
