To determine which substance will heat up the fastest when exposed to sunlight for the same amount of time, we need to consider the specific heat capacity of each substance. The specific heat capacity is a measure of how much energy is required to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree Celsius. A substance with a lower specific heat capacity will heat up faster because it requires less energy per unit mass to increase its temperature.
The table provides specific heat capacities for four substances:
- Brick: 0.9 [tex]\( \text{J/g}^\circ \text{C} \)[/tex]
- Dry soil: 1.26 [tex]\( \text{J/g}^\circ \text{C} \)[/tex]
- Paper: 1.336 [tex]\( \text{J/g}^\circ \text{C} \)[/tex]
- Water: 4.18 [tex]\( \text{J/g}^\circ \text{C} \)[/tex]
To find the substance that heats up the fastest, we:
1. Compare the specific heat capacities:
- Brick: 0.9 [tex]\( \text{J/g}^\circ \text{C} \)[/tex]
- Dry soil: 1.26 [tex]\( \text{J/g}^\circ \text{C} \)[/tex]
- Paper: 1.336 [tex]\( \text{J/g}^\circ \text{C} \)[/tex]
- Water: 4.18 [tex]\( \text{J/g}^\circ \text{C} \)[/tex]
2. Identify the smallest specific heat capacity:
- Among the values, 0.9 [tex]\( \text{J/g}^\circ \text{C} \)[/tex] is the smallest.
3. Determine the corresponding substance:
- The substance with a specific heat capacity of 0.9 [tex]\( \text{J/g}^\circ \text{C} \)[/tex] is brick.
Thus, given the specific heat values, the substance that will heat up the fastest is brick.
Therefore, the correct answer is:
A. brick
