Answer :
Let's analyze the relationships between the different measures of development provided in the table: GDP, gross national income (GNI) per capita, and Human Development Index (HDI).
### Step-by-Step Analysis:
1. Understanding the Data:
- The table lists the GDP ranking, GNI per capita ranking, and HDI ranking of four countries: China, India, Norway, and Luxembourg.
- GDP is a measure of a country's economic output.
- GNI per capita is a measure of the average income of a country's citizens.
- HDI is a composite index that considers life expectancy, education, and per capita income.
2. Relationships to Consider:
- GDP vs. GNI per Capita:
- Are these two measures correlated?
- GDP vs. HDI:
- Is there a direct relationship between a country's economic output and its development index?
- GNI per Capita vs. HDI:
- Does income per person correlate with the overall development and quality of life in a country?
3. Interpreting the Given Data:
- China:
- GDP Rank: 2
- GNI per Capita Rank: 77
- HDI Rank: 101
- India:
- GDP Rank: 10
- GNI per Capita Rank: 124
- HDI Rank: 136
- Norway:
- GDP Rank: 23
- GNI per Capita Rank: 1
- HDI Rank: 1
- Luxembourg:
- GDP Rank: 72
- GNI per Capita Rank: 3
- HDI Rank: 26
### Observations:
- GDP and GNI per Capita:
- China has a high GDP rank of 2, but its GNI per capita rank is much lower at 77.
- Norway has a moderate GDP rank of 23 but the highest GNI per capita rank of 1.
- This suggests that countries with a high overall economic output (GDP) do not necessarily have a high average income (GNI per capita).
- GNI per Capita and HDI:
- Norway and Luxembourg have very high GNI per capita ranks (1 and 3, respectively), and their HDI ranks are also relatively high (1 and 26, respectively).
- Conversely, China and India have lower GNI per capita ranks and lower HDI ranks.
- This suggests a closer relationship between GNI per capita and HDI, implying that higher income levels per person often correspond to better overall human development.
- GDP and HDI:
- The variation in GDP ranks compared to HDI ranks (e.g., China has a high GDP rank but a lower HDI rank) signals that GDP alone is not a strong indicator of human development.
### Conclusion:
Given the insights derived from the data:
- HDI depends mostly on geographic location is not supported by the data presented.
- GDP and GNI per capita are completely unrelated measures is not accurate, as there is some correlation observed.
- GDP and HDI are completely unrelated measures is also incorrect, given the partial correlation.
- GNI per capita better reflects standard of living than GDP appears to be the most accurate statement based on the observed relationship between GNI per capita and HDI.
Therefore, the data shows that:
GNI per capita better reflects standard of living than GDP.
### Step-by-Step Analysis:
1. Understanding the Data:
- The table lists the GDP ranking, GNI per capita ranking, and HDI ranking of four countries: China, India, Norway, and Luxembourg.
- GDP is a measure of a country's economic output.
- GNI per capita is a measure of the average income of a country's citizens.
- HDI is a composite index that considers life expectancy, education, and per capita income.
2. Relationships to Consider:
- GDP vs. GNI per Capita:
- Are these two measures correlated?
- GDP vs. HDI:
- Is there a direct relationship between a country's economic output and its development index?
- GNI per Capita vs. HDI:
- Does income per person correlate with the overall development and quality of life in a country?
3. Interpreting the Given Data:
- China:
- GDP Rank: 2
- GNI per Capita Rank: 77
- HDI Rank: 101
- India:
- GDP Rank: 10
- GNI per Capita Rank: 124
- HDI Rank: 136
- Norway:
- GDP Rank: 23
- GNI per Capita Rank: 1
- HDI Rank: 1
- Luxembourg:
- GDP Rank: 72
- GNI per Capita Rank: 3
- HDI Rank: 26
### Observations:
- GDP and GNI per Capita:
- China has a high GDP rank of 2, but its GNI per capita rank is much lower at 77.
- Norway has a moderate GDP rank of 23 but the highest GNI per capita rank of 1.
- This suggests that countries with a high overall economic output (GDP) do not necessarily have a high average income (GNI per capita).
- GNI per Capita and HDI:
- Norway and Luxembourg have very high GNI per capita ranks (1 and 3, respectively), and their HDI ranks are also relatively high (1 and 26, respectively).
- Conversely, China and India have lower GNI per capita ranks and lower HDI ranks.
- This suggests a closer relationship between GNI per capita and HDI, implying that higher income levels per person often correspond to better overall human development.
- GDP and HDI:
- The variation in GDP ranks compared to HDI ranks (e.g., China has a high GDP rank but a lower HDI rank) signals that GDP alone is not a strong indicator of human development.
### Conclusion:
Given the insights derived from the data:
- HDI depends mostly on geographic location is not supported by the data presented.
- GDP and GNI per capita are completely unrelated measures is not accurate, as there is some correlation observed.
- GDP and HDI are completely unrelated measures is also incorrect, given the partial correlation.
- GNI per capita better reflects standard of living than GDP appears to be the most accurate statement based on the observed relationship between GNI per capita and HDI.
Therefore, the data shows that:
GNI per capita better reflects standard of living than GDP.
