To determine which part of the chemical equation is incorrect, let's carefully balance the equation step by step.
The given equation is:
[tex]\[ \mathbf{2 \, C_4H_{10} + 10 \, O_2 \rightarrow 8 \, CO_2 + 10 \, H_2O} \][/tex]
### Step-by-Step Balancing
1. Count the atoms of each element on both sides:
- Reactant side (left side):
- C (Carbon): [tex]\(2 \, C_4H_{10}\)[/tex] means [tex]\(2 \times 4 = 8\)[/tex] carbon atoms.
- H (Hydrogen): [tex]\(2 \times 10 = 20\)[/tex] hydrogen atoms.
- O (Oxygen): [tex]\(10 \, O_2\)[/tex] means [tex]\(10 \times 2 = 20\)[/tex] oxygen atoms.
- Product side (right side):
- C (Carbon): [tex]\(8 \, CO_2\)[/tex] means [tex]\(8\)[/tex] carbon atoms.
- H (Hydrogen): [tex]\(10 \, H_2O\)[/tex] means [tex]\(10 \times 2 = 20\)[/tex] hydrogen atoms.
- O (Oxygen): [tex]\(8 \, CO_2\)[/tex] means [tex]\(8 \times 2 = 16\)[/tex] oxygen atoms, and [tex]\(10 \, H_2O\)[/tex] means [tex]\(10\)[/tex] oxygen atoms, giving a total of [tex]\(16 + 10 = 26\)[/tex] oxygen atoms.
2. Compare the number of atoms of each element on both sides:
- Carbon (C): 8 atoms on both sides (balanced).
- Hydrogen (H): 20 atoms on both sides (balanced).
- Oxygen (O): 20 atoms on the reactant side, but 26 atoms on the product side (not balanced).
### Analyzing Oxygen Imbalance
Since the oxygen atoms are not balanced, we need to adjust the coefficient of one of the compounds containing oxygen.
### Adjusting the Coefficient
Let's try adjusting the coefficient of [tex]\(O_2\)[/tex], the oxygen molecule in the reactants.
- Increase the coefficient of [tex]\(O_2\)[/tex] to balance the oxygen atoms:
[tex]\( \mathbf{2 \, C_4H_{10} + 13 \, O_2 \rightarrow 8 \, CO_2 + 10 \, H_2O} \)[/tex]
Now count the atoms again:
- Reactant side:
- C (Carbon): 8 carbon atoms.
- H (Hydrogen): 20 hydrogen atoms.
- O (Oxygen): [tex]\(13 \times 2 = 26\)[/tex] oxygen atoms.
- Product side:
- C (Carbon): 8 carbon atoms.
- H (Hydrogen): 20 hydrogen atoms.
- O (Oxygen): 26 oxygen atoms.
Now the equation balances:
- Carbon (C): 8 atoms on both sides.
- Hydrogen (H): 20 atoms on both sides.
- Oxygen (O): 26 atoms on both sides.
### Conclusion
The original equation had the coefficient of [tex]\(O_2\)[/tex] as 10, which resulted in an imbalance of oxygen atoms. The correct coefficient for [tex]\(O_2\)[/tex] should be 13 to balance the equation. Therefore, the incorrect part of the original chemical equation is:
[tex]\[ 10 \, O_2 \][/tex]
The correct chemical equation is:
[tex]\[ 2 \, C_4H_{10} + 13 \, O_2 \rightarrow 8 \, CO_2 + 10 \, H_2O \][/tex]
