Final answer:
Oxidative phosphorylation is the process of producing ATP through electron transfer and chemiosmosis, crucial for cellular energy production.
Explanation:
The main function of oxidative phosphorylation is to produce ATP by the transfer of electrons down the electron transport chain, creating a proton gradient that is used by ATP synthase to add phosphate groups to ADP molecules.
This process involves chemiosmosis where a concentration gradient is formed, and hydrogen ions diffuse through ATP synthase to produce ATP.
Oxidative phosphorylation is essential in generating the majority of ATP during glucose catabolism under aerobic conditions.
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