Rough endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes proteins for cell processes, while smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in lipid synthesis, calcium storage, and detoxification.
The function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is protein synthesis, where ribosomes attached to it synthesize proteins that are then transported through the cell for various purposes such as export or insertion into the cell membrane.
The rough ER works in conjunction with the Golgi apparatus to ensure proper protein transportation within the cell. On the other hand, the smooth ER is responsible for lipid synthesis, calcium ion storage, and drug detoxification in both animal and plant cells.
Both types of ER form an interconnected network within the cell, with rough ER focusing on protein production and smooth ER emphasizing lipid biosynthesis and other functions.
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