The body regulates oxygen levels by adjusting breathing in response to changes in carbon dioxide levels during cellular respiration and exercise.
Cells need to maintain oxidative metabolism for energy production, requiring a continuous supply of oxygen and release of carbon dioxide. As tissues consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide during cellular respiration, the body actively adjusts breathing to maintain normal gas and pH levels through the respiratory and cardiovascular systems.
Carbon dioxide levels play a crucial role in regulating the body's ventilation. When levels rise, the brain detects this change and signals the respiratory system to adjust breathing rate to expel excess carbon dioxide and bring in more oxygen, ultimately maintaining homeostasis.
During exercise, when cellular respiration rates increase and oxygen levels in cells are depleted, the body responds by increasing breathing rate and depth to ensure sufficient oxygen supply and proper gas exchange.
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