You are caring for an elderly male patient with dyspnea. You hear coarse rales during auscultation. Given this, select the correct pathophysiology and field impression:

A. Excess fluid in the heart; myocardial infarction.
B. Fluid in the lungs; pulmonary edema.
C. Swelling of lung tissue; congestive heart failure.
D. A decrease of hydrostatic pressure; hypertensive crisis.



Answer :

Final answer:

Pulmonary edema is fluid accumulation in the lungs due to heart failure causing breathing difficulties and chest pain.


Explanation:

Pulmonary edema is excess fluid in the air sacs of the lungs due to heart failure, causing difficulty breathing and chest pain. The fluid accumulation in the lung tissues results from increased hydrostatic pressure in the pulmonary capillaries.


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