Answer :
Sure, let's go through each word equation step-by-step to convert them to balanced chemical equations.
### Part (a)
Word Equation:
copper metal (s) + sulfur (s) [tex]\(\rightarrow\)[/tex] copper(I) sulfide (s)
Step-by-Step Solution:
1. Write the formulas for each reactant and product:
- Copper metal: Cu
- Sulfur: S
- Copper(I) sulfide: Cu[tex]\(_2\)[/tex]S
2. Write the unbalanced equation:
[tex]\[ \text{Cu} + \text{S} \rightarrow \text{Cu}_2\text{S} \][/tex]
3. Balance the equation:
- There are 2 copper atoms in the product, Cu[tex]\(_2\)[/tex]S.
- Therefore, we need 2 copper atoms on the reactant side.
[tex]\[ 2\text{Cu} + \text{S} \rightarrow \text{Cu}_2\text{S} \][/tex]
Balanced Chemical Equation:
[tex]\[ 2\text{Cu} + \text{S} \rightarrow \text{Cu}_2\text{S} \][/tex]
### Part (b)
Word Equation:
potassium metal (s) + water (l) [tex]\(\rightarrow\)[/tex] potassium hydroxide (aq) + hydrogen (g)
Step-by-Step Solution:
1. Write the formulas for each reactant and product:
- Potassium metal: K
- Water: H[tex]\(_2\)[/tex]O
- Potassium hydroxide: KOH
- Hydrogen: H[tex]\(_2\)[/tex]
2. Write the unbalanced equation:
[tex]\[ \text{K} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow \text{KOH} + \text{H}_2 \][/tex]
3. Balance the equation:
- First, balance the K (Potassium) atoms:
[tex]\[ 2\text{K} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow 2\text{KOH} + \text{H}_2 \][/tex]
- Next, balance the hydrogen atoms:
[tex]\[ 2\text{K} + 2\text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow 2\text{KOH} + \text{H}_2 \][/tex]
Balanced Chemical Equation:
[tex]\[ 2\text{K} + 2\text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow 2\text{KOH} + \text{H}_2 \][/tex]
### Part (c)
Word Equation:
copper(II) sulfate (aq) + sodium chromate (aq) [tex]\(\rightarrow\)[/tex] copper(II) chromate (s) + sodium sulfate
Step-by-Step Solution:
1. Write the formulas for each reactant and product:
- Copper(II) sulfate: CuSO[tex]\(_4\)[/tex]
- Sodium chromate: Na[tex]\(_2\)[/tex]CrO[tex]\(_4\)[/tex]
- Copper(II) chromate: CuCrO[tex]\(_4\)[/tex]
- Sodium sulfate: Na[tex]\(_2\)[/tex]SO[tex]\(_4\)[/tex]
2. Write the unbalanced equation:
[tex]\[ \text{CuSO}_4 + \text{Na}_2\text{CrO}_4 \rightarrow \text{CuCrO}_4 + \text{Na}_2\text{SO}_4 \][/tex]
3. Balance the equation:
- Check if all the elements are balanced:
- Cu: 1 atom on both sides.
- SO[tex]\(_4\)[/tex]: 1 group on both sides.
- Na: 2 atoms on both sides.
- CrO[tex]\(_4\)[/tex]: 1 group on both sides.
- All elements are already balanced.
Balanced Chemical Equation:
[tex]\[ \text{CuSO}_4 + \text{Na}_2\text{CrO}_4 \rightarrow \text{CuCrO}_4 + \text{Na}_2\text{SO}_4 \][/tex]
In summary, the balanced chemical equations are:
a) [tex]\(\mathbf{2Cu + S \rightarrow Cu_2S}\)[/tex]
b) [tex]\(\mathbf{2K + 2H_2O \rightarrow 2KOH + H_2}\)[/tex]
c) [tex]\(\mathbf{CuSO_4 + Na_2CrO_4 \rightarrow CuCrO_4 + Na_2SO_4}\)[/tex]
### Part (a)
Word Equation:
copper metal (s) + sulfur (s) [tex]\(\rightarrow\)[/tex] copper(I) sulfide (s)
Step-by-Step Solution:
1. Write the formulas for each reactant and product:
- Copper metal: Cu
- Sulfur: S
- Copper(I) sulfide: Cu[tex]\(_2\)[/tex]S
2. Write the unbalanced equation:
[tex]\[ \text{Cu} + \text{S} \rightarrow \text{Cu}_2\text{S} \][/tex]
3. Balance the equation:
- There are 2 copper atoms in the product, Cu[tex]\(_2\)[/tex]S.
- Therefore, we need 2 copper atoms on the reactant side.
[tex]\[ 2\text{Cu} + \text{S} \rightarrow \text{Cu}_2\text{S} \][/tex]
Balanced Chemical Equation:
[tex]\[ 2\text{Cu} + \text{S} \rightarrow \text{Cu}_2\text{S} \][/tex]
### Part (b)
Word Equation:
potassium metal (s) + water (l) [tex]\(\rightarrow\)[/tex] potassium hydroxide (aq) + hydrogen (g)
Step-by-Step Solution:
1. Write the formulas for each reactant and product:
- Potassium metal: K
- Water: H[tex]\(_2\)[/tex]O
- Potassium hydroxide: KOH
- Hydrogen: H[tex]\(_2\)[/tex]
2. Write the unbalanced equation:
[tex]\[ \text{K} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow \text{KOH} + \text{H}_2 \][/tex]
3. Balance the equation:
- First, balance the K (Potassium) atoms:
[tex]\[ 2\text{K} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow 2\text{KOH} + \text{H}_2 \][/tex]
- Next, balance the hydrogen atoms:
[tex]\[ 2\text{K} + 2\text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow 2\text{KOH} + \text{H}_2 \][/tex]
Balanced Chemical Equation:
[tex]\[ 2\text{K} + 2\text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow 2\text{KOH} + \text{H}_2 \][/tex]
### Part (c)
Word Equation:
copper(II) sulfate (aq) + sodium chromate (aq) [tex]\(\rightarrow\)[/tex] copper(II) chromate (s) + sodium sulfate
Step-by-Step Solution:
1. Write the formulas for each reactant and product:
- Copper(II) sulfate: CuSO[tex]\(_4\)[/tex]
- Sodium chromate: Na[tex]\(_2\)[/tex]CrO[tex]\(_4\)[/tex]
- Copper(II) chromate: CuCrO[tex]\(_4\)[/tex]
- Sodium sulfate: Na[tex]\(_2\)[/tex]SO[tex]\(_4\)[/tex]
2. Write the unbalanced equation:
[tex]\[ \text{CuSO}_4 + \text{Na}_2\text{CrO}_4 \rightarrow \text{CuCrO}_4 + \text{Na}_2\text{SO}_4 \][/tex]
3. Balance the equation:
- Check if all the elements are balanced:
- Cu: 1 atom on both sides.
- SO[tex]\(_4\)[/tex]: 1 group on both sides.
- Na: 2 atoms on both sides.
- CrO[tex]\(_4\)[/tex]: 1 group on both sides.
- All elements are already balanced.
Balanced Chemical Equation:
[tex]\[ \text{CuSO}_4 + \text{Na}_2\text{CrO}_4 \rightarrow \text{CuCrO}_4 + \text{Na}_2\text{SO}_4 \][/tex]
In summary, the balanced chemical equations are:
a) [tex]\(\mathbf{2Cu + S \rightarrow Cu_2S}\)[/tex]
b) [tex]\(\mathbf{2K + 2H_2O \rightarrow 2KOH + H_2}\)[/tex]
c) [tex]\(\mathbf{CuSO_4 + Na_2CrO_4 \rightarrow CuCrO_4 + Na_2SO_4}\)[/tex]
